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Cancer screening and early detection

Early detection of cancer can increase the chances for the successful treatment of some conditions. Common screening tests include mammography for breast cancer, cytology (Pap smear) for cervical cancer and colonoscopy for colorectal cancer. Look at our resources for the types of screening that you may want to discuss with your doctor.

Screening for prostate cancer: What you should know about the PSA test
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81 Show All 6Blog Posts 18Evidence Summaries 57Web Resource Ratings 15Patient Decision Aids

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  • Evidence Summary

    Educational interventions are effective in improving knowledge about cancer risk reduction among men

    Rating 5 out of 5 stars
    Patient Education and Counseling (2018)
  • Evidence Summary

    Automated telephone communication systems for preventive healthcare and management of long-term conditions

    Rating 5 out of 5 stars
    Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2016)
  • Evidence Summary

    Screening for lung cancer

    Rating 5 out of 5 stars
    Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2013)
  • Evidence Summary

    Screening for prostate cancer

    Rating 5 out of 5 stars
    Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2013)
  • Evidence Summary

    Screening is not recommended for women at average risk for ovarian cancer who do not have symptoms

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    JAMA (2018)
  • Evidence Summary

    PSA screening may or may not reduce deaths due to prostate cancer. Harms include false-positive results, unnecessary biopsies, and overdiagnosis.

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    JAMA (2018)
  • Evidence Summary

    Skin cancer screening is not backed by current research

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association (2016)
  • Evidence Summary

    Cytology versus HPV testing for cervical cancer screening in the general population.

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Cochrane Database Syst Rev (2017)
  • Evidence Summary

    Screening for colorectal cancer decreases the risk of cancer spread and dying of colorectal cancer

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Clinical Colorectal Cancer (2016)
  • Evidence Summary

    Culturally customized cancer screening programs improve cancer screening rates

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Cancer Epidemiology (2016)
  • Evidence Summary

    Adults 50 to 75 years of age should be screened for colorectal cancer. Adults 76 to 85 years of age may be screened depending on individual factors.

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    JAMA (2016)
  • Evidence Summary

    Breast cancer deaths are decreased by mammography screening even in women at average risk

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    JAMA (2015)
  • Evidence Summary

    Screening for prostate cancer may reduce death due to prostate cancer but has associated harms

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    CMAJ (2014)
  • Evidence Summary

    More recent evidence does not change recommendations for mammograms and other forms of patient care after primary treatment of breast cancer

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    J Clin Oncol (2013)
  • Evidence Summary

    Low-dose computed tomography for lung cancer screening reduces lung cancer deaths and total deaths in current and former smokers with no symptoms

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Ann Intern Med (2013)
  • Evidence Summary

    Screening for breast cancer reduces death due to breast cancer in women 50 to 69 years of age who have an average risk

    Rating 3 out of 5 stars
    J Med Screen (2021)
  • Evidence Summary

    Decision aids help people understand screening for colorectal cancer but do not increase screening

    Rating 3 out of 5 stars
    Am J Prev Med (2016)
  • Evidence Summary

    Decision aids improve knowledge in people making decisions about cancer screening or early cancer treatment

    Rating 3 out of 5 stars
    AHRQ Comparative Effectiveness Reviews (2014)
  • Blog Post

    Evidence-based insights on 3 types of cancer screening

    Do you have questions around cancer screening? See what the research has to say about screening for prostate cancer, ovarian cancer, and breast cancer. Sneak peek: the answers are not always so cut-and-dry.
  • Blog Post

    Screening for breast cancer: What you should know about mammography

    Do you have questions about mammography? See what the evidence says about this form of breast cancer screening for women with an average risk for breast cancer.
  • Blog Post

    To screen or not to screen? What role do web-based decision aids play in decision making around prostate cancer screening?

    Are you in the process of making a decision about prostate cancer screening, or at the very least starting to think about it? See what the research has to say about the use of web-based decision aids during this time.
  • Blog Post

    Screening for ovarian cancer: What you should know

    Ovarian cancer screening continues to not be recommended for women with no symptoms and at average risk of the disease.
  • Blog Post

    No one left out: Breaking down cultural barriers to support healthy aging

    Not everyone has the same opportunity to access health promotion programs that can save lives and prevent serious illness. Culturally customized materials and approaches can help.
  • Blog Post

    Screening for prostate cancer: What you should know about the PSA test

    The PSA test is an option for men thinking about being screened for prostate cancer but the harms may outweigh the benefits.
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